(b) The supreme court shall have jurisdiction to correct, modify, vacate or reverse any act, order or judgment of a district court or court of appeals in order to assure that any such act, order or judgment is just, legal and free of abuse. An appeal from a final judgment of a district court in any civil action in which a statute of this state or of the United States has been held unconstitutional shall be taken directly to the supreme court. Direct appeals from the district court to the supreme court in criminal cases shall be as prescribed by K.S.A. 22-3601 and 22-3602, and amendments thereto. Cases appealed to the court of appeals may be transferred to the supreme court as provided in K.S.A. 20-3016 and 20-3017, and amendments thereto, and any decision of the court of appeals shall be subject to review by the supreme court as provided in subsection (b) of K.S.A. 20-3018, and amendments thereto, except that any party may appeal from a final decision of the court of appeals to the supreme court, as a matter of right, whenever a question under the constitution of either the United States or the state of Kansas arises for the first time as a result of such decision.
(c) As used in the code of civil procedure, the term "appellate court" means the supreme court or court of appeals, depending on the context in which such term is used and the respective jurisdiction of such courts over appeals in civil actions as provided in this section and K.S.A. 60-2102, and amendments thereto.
(d) A judgment rendered or final order made by a political or taxing subdivision, or any agency thereof, exercising judicial or quasi-judicial functions may be reversed, vacated or modified by the district court on appeal. If no other means for perfecting such appeal is provided by law, it shall be sufficient for an aggrieved party to file a notice that such party is appealing from such judgment or order with such subdivision or agency within 30 days of its entry, and then causing true copies of all pertinent proceedings before such subdivision or agency to be prepared and filed with the clerk of the district court in the county in which such judgment or order was entered. The clerk shall thereupon docket the same as an action in the district court, which court shall then proceed to review the same, either with or without additional pleadings and evidence, and enter such order or judgment as justice shall require. A docket fee shall be required by the clerk of the district court as in the filing of an original action.
History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-2101; L. 1974, ch. 168, § 7; L. 1975, ch. 178, § 27; L. 1976, ch. 251, § 29; L. 1977, ch. 112, § 24; L. 1984, ch. 338, § 29; July 1.
(1) An order that discharges, vacates or modifies a provisional remedy.
(2) An order that grants, continues, modifies, refuses or dissolves an injunction, or an order that grants or refuses relief in the form of mandamus, quo warranto or habeas corpus.
(3) An order that appoints a receiver or refuses to wind up a receivership or to take steps to accomplish the purposes thereof, such as directing sales or other disposal of property, or an order involving the tax or revenue laws, the title to real estate, the constitution of this state or the constitution, laws or treaties of the United States.
(4) A final decision in any action, except in an action where a direct appeal to the supreme court is required by law. In any appeal or cross appeal from a final decision, any act or ruling from the beginning of the proceedings shall be reviewable.
(b) Appeal to supreme court as matter of right. The appellate jurisdiction of the supreme court may be invoked by appeal as a matter of right from:
(1) A preliminary or final decision in which a statute of this state has been held unconstitutional as a violation of Article 6 of the Kansas constitution pursuant to K.S.A. 2007 Supp. 72-64b03, and amendments thereto. Any appeal filed pursuant to this subsection (b)(1) shall be filed within 30 days of the date the preliminary or final decision is filed.
(2) A final decision of the district court in any action challenging the constitutionality of or arising out of any provision of the Kansas expanded lottery act, any lottery gaming facility management contract or any racetrack gaming facility management contract entered into pursuant to the Kansas expanded lottery act.
(c) Other appeals. When a district judge, in making in a civil action an order not otherwise appealable under this section, is of the opinion that such order involves a controlling question of law as to which there is substantial ground for difference of opinion and that an immediate appeal from the order may materially advance the ultimate termination of the litigation, the judge shall so state in writing in such order. The court of appeals may thereupon, in its discretion, permit an appeal to be taken from such order, if application is made to it within 10 days after the entry of the order under such terms and conditions as the supreme court fixes by rule. Application for an appeal hereunder shall not stay proceedings in the district court unless the district judge or an appellate court or a judge thereof so orders.
History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-2102; L. 1963, ch. 304, § 1; L. 1975, ch. 178, § 28; L. 1976, ch. 251, § 30; L. 1986, ch. 115, § 93; L. 2004, ch. 3, § 1; L. 2005, ch. 194, § 24; L. 2007, ch. 110, § 59; Apr. 19.
(1) An order that discharges, vacates or modifies a provisional remedy.
(2) An order that grants, continues, modifies, refuses or dissolves an injunction, or an order that grants or refuses relief in the form of mandamus, quo warranto or habeas corpus.
(3) An order that appoints a receiver or refuses to wind up a receivership or to take steps to accomplish the purposes thereof, such as directing sales or other disposal of property, or an order involving the tax or revenue laws, the title to real estate, the constitution of this state or the constitution, laws or treaties of the United States.
(4) A final decision in any action, except in an action where a direct appeal to the supreme court is required by law. In any appeal or cross appeal from a final decision, any act or ruling from the beginning of the proceedings shall be reviewable.
(b) Appeal to supreme court as matter of right. The appellate jurisdiction of the supreme court may be invoked by appeal as a matter of right from: (1) A preliminary or final decision in which a statute of this state has been held unconstitutional as a violation of Article 6 of the Kansas constitution pursuant to K.S.A. 2007 Supp. 72-64b03, and amendments thereto. Any appeal filed pursuant to this paragraph shall be filed within 30 days of the date the preliminary or final decision is filed; or
(2) a preliminary or final decision in an action brought pursuant to K.S.A. 2007 Supp. 75-702a, and amendments thereto. Any appeal filed pursuant to this paragraph shall be filed within 30 days of the date the preliminary or final decision is filed.
(c) Other appeals. When a district judge, in making in a civil action an order not otherwise appealable under this section, is of the opinion that such order involves a controlling question of law as to which there is substantial ground for difference of opinion and that an immediate appeal from the order may materially advance the ultimate termination of the litigation, the judge shall so state in writing in such order. The court of appeals may thereupon, in its discretion, permit an appeal to be taken from such order, if application is made to it within 10 days after the entry of the order under such terms and conditions as the supreme court fixes by rule. Application for an appeal hereunder shall not stay proceedings in the district court unless the district judge or an appellate court or a judge thereof so orders.
History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-2102; L. 1963, ch. 304, § 1; L. 1975, ch. 178, § 28; L. 1976, ch. 251, § 30; L. 1986, ch. 115, § 93; L. 2004, ch. 3, § 1; L. 2005, ch. 194, § 24; L. 2007, ch. 111, § 4; July 1.
A party may appeal from a judgment by filing with the clerk of the district court a notice of appeal. Failure of the appellant to take any of the further steps to secure the review of the judgment appealed from does not affect the validity of the appeal, but is ground only for such remedies as are specified in this chapter, or when no remedy is specified, for such action as the appellate court having jurisdiction over the appeal deems appropriate, which may include dismissal of the appeal. If the record on appeal has not been filed with the appellate court, the parties, with the approval of the district court, may dismiss the appeal by stipulation filed in the district court, or that court may dismiss the appeal upon motion and notice by the appellant.
(b) Notice of appeal. The notice of appeal shall specify the parties taking the appeal; shall designate the judgment or part thereof appealed from, and shall name the appellate court to which the appeal is taken. The appealing party shall cause notice of the appeal to be served upon all other parties to the judgment as provided in K.S.A. 60-205, and amendments thereto, but such party's failure so to do does not affect the validity of the appeal.
(c) Security for costs. Security for the costs on appeal shall be given in such sum and manner as shall be prescribed by a general rule of the supreme court unless the appellate court shall make a different order applicable to a particular case.
(d) Supersedeas bond. (1) Whenever an appellant entitled thereto desires a stay on appeal, such appellant may present to the district court for its approval a supersedeas bond which shall have such surety or sureties as the court requires. Subject to paragraph (2), the bond shall be conditioned for the satisfaction of the judgment in full together with costs, interest, and damages for delay, if for any reason the appeal is dismissed, or if the judgment is affirmed, and to satisfy in full such modification of the judgment such costs, interest, and damages as the appellate court may adjudge and award. When the judgment is for the recovery of money not otherwise secured, the amount of the bond shall be fixed at such sum as will cover the whole amount of the judgment remaining unsatisfied, costs on the appeal, interest, and damages for delay, unless the court after notice and hearing and for good cause shown fixes a different amount or orders security other than the bond. When the judgment determines the disposition of the property in controversy as in real actions, replevin, and actions to foreclose mortgages or when such property is in the custody of the sheriff or when the proceeds of such property or a bond for its value is in the custody or control of the court, the amount of the supersedeas bond shall be fixed after notice and hearing at such sum only as will secure the amount recovered for the use and detention of the property, the costs of the action, costs on appeal, interest, and damages for delay. When an order is made discharging, vacating, or modifying a provisional remedy, or modifying or dissolving an injunction, a party aggrieved thereby shall be entitled, upon application to the judge, to have the operation of such order suspended for a period of not to exceed 10 days on condition that, within such period of 10 days such party shall file a notice of appeal and obtain the approval of such supersedeas bond as is required under this section.
(2) (A) Except as provided in paragraph (B), if an appellant appeals from any form of judgment based on any legal theory and seeks a stay of enforcement during the period of appeal, the supersedeas bond shall be set at the full amount of the judgment. If the appellant proves by a preponderance of the evidence that setting the supersedeas bond at the full amount of the judgment will result in the appellant suffering an undue hardship or a denial of the right to an appeal, then the court may reduce the amount of the supersedeas bond as follows:
(i) If the judgment is less than or equal to $1,000,000 in value, the supersedeas bond shall be set at the full amount of the judgment; or
(ii) if the judgment exceeds $1,000,000 in value, the supersedeas bond shall be set at a total of $1,000,000 plus 25% of any amount in excess of $1,000,000.
(B) The limitations on the amount of a supersedeas bond established by paragraph (A)(i) or (A) (ii) shall not apply if:
(i) The appellee proves by a preponderance of the evidence that the appellant bringing the appeal is purposefully dissipating or diverting assets outside of the ordinary course of its business for the purpose of avoiding ultimate payment of the judgment, and in such event, the court may enter such orders as are necessary to stop the dissipation and diversion of assets, including a requirement that the appellant post a bond in the full amount of the judgment; or
(ii) the court makes a finding on the record that the appellant bringing the appeal is likely to disburse assets reasonably necessary to satisfy the judgment, and in such event, the court may increase the amount of such bond required not to exceed the full amount of the judgment.
(C) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit a court from setting a supersedeas bond in a lower amount as may be otherwise required by law or for good cause shown.
(D) A bond shall not be found insufficient under any other provision of law due to limits imposed under this subsection.
(e) Failure to file or insufficiency of bond. If a supersedeas bond is not filed within the time specified, or if the bond filed is found insufficient, and if the action is not yet docketed with the appellate court, a bond may be filed at such time before the action is so docketed as may be fixed by the district court. After the action is so docketed, application for leave to file a bond may be made only in the appellate court.
(f) Judgment against surety. By entering into a supersedeas bond given pursuant to subsections (c) and (d), the surety submits such surety's self to the jurisdiction of the court and irrevocably appoints the clerk of the court as such surety's agent upon whom any papers affecting such surety's liability on the bond may be served. Such surety's liability may be enforced on motion without the necessity of an independent action. The motion and such notice of the motion as the judge prescribes may be served on the clerk of the court who shall forthwith mail copies to the surety if such surety's address is known.
(g) Docketing record on appeal. The record on appeal shall be filed and docketed with the appellate court at such time as the supreme court may prescribe by rule.
(h) Cross-appeal. When notice of appeal has been served in a case and the appellee desires to have a review of rulings and decisions of which such appellee complains, the appellee shall, within 20 days after the notice of appeal has been served upon such appellee and filed with the clerk of the trial court, give notice of such appellee's cross-appeal.
(i) Intermediate rulings. When an appeal or cross-appeal has been timely perfected, the fact that some ruling of which the appealing or cross-appealing party complains was made more than 30 days before filing of the notice of appeal shall not prevent a review of the ruling.
History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-2103; L. 1975, ch. 178, § 29; L. 1988, ch. 206, § 2; L. 1997, ch. 173, § 32; L. 2005, ch. 203, § 2; July 1.
(b) Except as otherwise provided by law or rule of the supreme court, the provisions of subsections (b) through (i) of K.S.A. 60-2103 and amendments thereto shall be applicable to appeals from orders and decisions of district magistrate judges.
History: L. 1976, ch. 251, § 31; L. 1977, ch. 112, § 25; L. 1986, ch. 115, § 94; Jan. 12, 1987.
History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-2104; Jan. 1, 1964.
History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-2105; Jan. 1, 1964.
A memorandum opinion may be prepared in any case where no new question of law is decided or which is otherwise considered as having no value as a precedent. Such a memorandum opinion need not contain a syllabus or statement of facts. In all other cases a formal opinion shall be prepared.
(b) Syllabus. Each formal opinion shall contain a syllabus of the points of law decided, which shall be confined to those questions necessarily arising from the facts in the case.
(c) Judgment and mandate. The supreme court may by rule provide for post decision motions for rehearing or other relief. When under such rule a decision of an appellate court becomes final, such court shall promptly cause to be transmitted to the clerk of the district court its mandate containing such directions as are appropriate under the decision. A copy of the opinion of the court shall accompany and be a part of the mandate. The clerk of the district court shall make a notation thereof on the appearance docket. Such mandate and opinion, without further order of the judge, shall thereupon be a part of the judgment of the court if it is determinative of the action, or shall be controlling in the conduct of any further proceedings necessary in the district court.
(d) As a part of a remedy, preliminary decision or final decision in which a statute or legislative enactment of this state has been held unconstitutional as a violation of article 6 of the Kansas constitution, the appellate court or any master or other person or persons appointed by the appellate court to hear or determine a cause or controversy or to make or enforce any order or remedy ordered by a court pursuant to K.S.A. 60-253, and amendments thereto, or any other provision of law, shall not have the authority to order a school district or any attendance center within a school district to be closed or enjoin the use of all statutes related to the distribution of funds for public education.
History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-2106; amended by Supreme Court order dated Jan. 5, 1972; L. 1975, ch. 178, § 30; L. 2005, ch. 2, § 23 (Special Session); July 28.
History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-2107; L. 1975, ch. 178, § 31, Jan. 10, 1977.